Animal studies have shed light on a variety of dietary manipulations that can affect animal longevity. The most consistent dietary manipulation related to increased longevity in animal models is caloric restriction. Caloric restriction has been shown to extend lifespan in a variety of species, from yeast to worms to flies to rodents.
Caloric restriction works by reducing the amount of energy available in the animal’s diet. This reduced energy availability results in lower body weight and fat, oxygen consumption, and metabolic rate. Additionally, caloric restriction has been shown to reduce the levels of free radicals in the animal’s body, which contributes to reduced oxidative damage to cellular components. This decrease in oxidative damage is thought to protect the animal from age-related diseases and ultimately result in increased longevity.
In addition to caloric restriction, other dietary manipulations that have been linked to increased longevity in animal models include omega-3 fatty acid supplementation and increased intake of antioxidants. Omega-3 fatty acids have been shown to reduce inflammation and associated oxidative damage, while antioxidants help protect cells from damage caused by free radicals. Both of these dietary manipulations have been linked to increased survival and lifespan in animal models.
The long-term effects of dietary manipulations on longevity are not yet fully understood, and more research is needed to determine the optimal approach to achieving increased longevity in humans. However, the evidence from animal models suggests that caloric restriction and increased consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and antioxidants have the potential to extend life in humans. Further research is needed to understand the full implications of these dietary manipulations and how they can be effectively used to improve human health and longevity.