Article title:
Introduction:
Organic solidarity is an important concept in sociology, put forward by French sociologist Emile Durkheim in his book “The Division of Labor in Society”. It refers to the interdependency of members of a society, resulting from a division of labor that requires individuals to perform specialized functions. Organic solidarity is often contrasted with mechanical solidarity, which is the sense of unity based on shared values and beliefs. In this article, we will discuss the concept of organic solidarity and examine which of the following is not an example of this phenomenon.
Body:
Durkheim argued that modern societies require organic solidarity to remain stable and function properly. This type of solidarity is based on the interdependence of individuals, as each individual specializes in a certain task or profession and is dependent on the specialized labor of others. It is this interdependence and the need for cooperation that creates a sense of mutual dependency and binds individuals to one another.
Organic solidarity is often contrasted with mechanical solidarity, which is a sense of unity based on shared values and beliefs. Mechanical solidarity is based on the notion of shared identity – individuals within a society identify with one another and share the same values and beliefs. This type of solidarity is present in simpler societies, such as hunter-gatherer communities, and is partially replaced by organic solidarity in more complex ones.
Examples of organic solidarity include economic systems, in which individuals rely on the specialized labor of others to produce goods and services, as well as organizations, in which members are interdependent due to their various roles and responsibilities. Additionally, educational institutions, in which individuals rely on the specialized knowledge and expertise of teachers and professors, are an example of organic solidarity.
Contrastingly, an example of mechanical solidarity is the sense of unity found in religious or ethnic communities, in which individuals identify with one another based on their shared identity and beliefs. Additionally, forms of political organization, such as totalitarianism and fascism, rely on a shared ideology to create a sense of unity and conformity.
In conclusion, organic solidarity is an important concept in sociology, referring to the interdependency of individuals due to a division of labor. It is often contrasted with mechanical solidarity, which is a sense of unity based on shared values and beliefs. Examples of organic solidarity include economic systems, organizations, and educational institutions, while an example of mechanical solidarity is the sense of unity found in religious or ethnic communities.