Streptococcus pneumoniae, more commonly known as pneumococcus, is a gram-positive bacteria that can cause a variety of illnesses in humans, such as sinus and ear infections, as well as more severe diseases like pneumonia, bloodstream infections (sepsis), and meningitis. While there are certainly many facts about the bacteria that are true, there are also many misconceptions. The following is a brief overview of what is and is not true about Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Facts About Streptococcus Pneumoniae

• Streptococcus pneumoniae is a Gram-positive bacteria.
• It is frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and is a common cause of ear, sinus, and lower respiratory tract infections.
• Most infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae are treatable with antibiotics.
• The bacteria can spread from person to person via droplets in the air, such as through coughing or sneezing.

Misconceptions About Streptococcus Pneumoniae

• The bacteria can survive outside of the body – FALSE. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a sensitive bacteria and cannot survive for long in the environment.
• Streptococcus pneumoniae leads to frequent outbreaks of infectious diseases – FALSE. While the bacteria can cause a variety of illnesses, outbreaks of infectious diseases as a result of Streptococcus pneumoniae are rare.
• Vaccines are available for all types of Streptococcus pneumoniae – FALSE. Vaccines are available for some, but not all, types of Streptococcus pneumoniae.
• Antibiotics are an effective treatment for all types of Streptococcus pneumoniae – FALSE. While antibiotics are an effective treatment for most types of Streptococcus pneumoniae, some are resistant to certain antibiotics.

It is important to understand the facts and misconceptions about Streptococcus pneumoniae in order to properly diagnose and treat infections caused by the bacteria. Vaccines can provide protection against some types of the bacteria, and antibiotics may be used to treat some infections. However, it is important to speak with a medical professional if you suspect that you or someone you know may have been exposed to Streptococcus pneumoniae.