Intellectual disabilities are conditions that affect a person’s ability to think, learn, and process information. They can range in severity and often require individualized support and accommodations. The four subtypes of intellectual disability are mild, moderate, severe, and profound, although there are other less common forms. The one subtype that is not included in the four main types of intellectual disability is modest.

Mild Intellectual Disability

Mild intellectual disability is the least severe of the four main subtypes. People with mild intellectual disabilities typically have an IQ score between 50–70. They are able to understand basic concepts and usually attend regular schools with special education services. They may require some extra supports in order to do well in school.

Moderate Intellectual Disability

Moderate intellectual disability is the next most severe type of intellectual disability. People with moderate intellectual disabilities usually have an IQ score between 30–50. They may attend regular schools but may require more specialized teaching methods or additional supports in order to succeed. They also may require more assistance in activities of daily living.

Severe Intellectual Disability

Severe intellectual disability is more severe than moderate intellectual disability. People with severe intellectual disabilities usually have an IQ score between 20–30. They may attend special education classes in public schools or specialized private schools. They may require extra assistance for daily living activities and muscle coordination.

Profound Intellectual Disability

Profound intellectual disability is the most severe type of intellectual disability. People with profound intellectual disabilities usually have an IQ score below 20. They may attend specialized schools that are tailored for their needs and require extra assistance for activities of daily living. They are likely to need lifelong support and care.

Other Types

Besides the four main subtypes of intellectual disability, there are other less common forms including Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), Fragile X Syndrome, and Developmental Delay. Each of these conditions has its own unique set of symptoms and challenges.

Conclusion

The four main subtypes of intellectual disability are mild, moderate, severe, and profound. The one type of intellectual disability that is not included in these four main subtypes is modest. Additionally, there are other less common forms of intellectual disability that require specialized supports. It is important to remember that intellectual disabilities are individualized and that everyone with an intellectual disability is unique.