Bruising is a common symptom of many diseases and injuries that affect the circulatory system. Bruising occurs when blood vessels break beneath the skin, causing the release of blood, which collects under the skin to form a bruise. Being able to recognize the presence of bruising is an important element of the review of an organ system.

Most bruises appear within five to 10 minutes of trauma, however, some may take longer to become visible. Bruising can vary in size, color, and location, depending on the severity and cause of the injury. Common locations for bruising are the arms, legs, feet, face, chest, and abdomen.

Bruises can be a clue to the underlying pathology of an organ system. For example, bruises may result from a lack of blood supply from the heart or an increase in blood clotting, which can be indicative of a clotting disorder. A bruise may also be the result of a trauma, such as a fall or accident, which can indicate an underlying bone or tissue injury.

As part of the review of an organ system, it is important to identify the cause of any bruising. A thorough physical exam can help to identify underlying pathology, such as an infection or blood clotting disorder. In addition, imaging studies such as X-rays and MRI scans can help identify any bone or tissue injuries that may be the cause of the bruising.

In summary, bruising is an important element of the review of an organ system. It is important to identify the cause of any bruising, and to use physical exams and imaging studies to determine the underlying pathology. Recognizing bruising can be a valuable tool in the diagnosis and treatment of any type of injury or illness.