Which of the Following Compounds is Known to Function as a Hormone?

Hormones are organic molecules secreted by cells that act as chemical signals that influence the activity of other cells. They are critical for a wide range of bodily functions, such as growth, metabolism, reproduction, and more. Many different compounds have been identified as hormones, and they can be broadly divided into three categories: peptide hormones, protein hormones, and steroid hormones.

Peptide Hormones

Peptide hormones are typically synthesized from amino acids. Examples include insulin, oxytocin, and endorphins. These hormones are produced by specialized endocrine cells and are released into the blood stream to affect other organs and tissues.

Protein Hormones

Protein hormones are proteins that act as hormones. Examples include human chorionic gonadotropin and follicle-stimulating hormone. These hormones are released directly into the blood and stimulate the activity of other tissues and organs.

Steroid Hormones

Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol. Examples include testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol. These hormones are lipid-soluble and can enter target cells to modulate gene expression.

Conclusion

Hormones can be divided into three broad categories: peptide hormones, protein hormones, and steroid hormones. Each of these categories includes a wide range of compounds that act as hormones. Examples of compounds that are known to function as hormones include insulin, oxytocin, endorphins, human chorionic gonadotropin, follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone, estradiol, and cortisol.