Authorship is a complex concept which varies between different academic disciplines and institutions. The principles and criteria of authorship are important to ensure that research is conducted with integrity and that all authors are credited fairly and accurately.

In general, the primary criterion for authorship is making a significant scientific or intellectual contribution to the work. This includes being involved in all aspects of the research, from conception and design, collection of data, analysis, interpretation, and writing of the report. Depending on the academic field, authorship may also include providing formal supervision or guidance, editing the paper, or providing financial support.

However, there are some cases in which authorship would be inappropriate, such as when a person did not have an active role in the research. For example, authorship would be considered inappropriate when an individual has only provided technical support or an honorary title.

It is important to note that authorship is not just a matter of recognizing those who took part in the research, but also a matter of accountability. According to the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, authors are responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole, and for the accuracy of data and interpretations presented in the article.

In conclusion, the primary criterion for authorship is making a significant scientific or intellectual contribution to the work. Of course, there are other criteria to consider as well. Each academic field and institution has its own standards for authorship and it is important to be aware of these standards to ensure that authors are credited fairly and accurately.