The Royal Society of London is largely credited with developing the modern form of peer review. This form of review is a process by which academic works or research are evaluated by other certified experts in the field. The main reason that this process was developed was to maintain the quality and integrity of scientific discoveries and research results.

Before peer review, scientific research was often published without any form of quality control or verification. This was done to quickly staff the results and discoveries so that they could be shared. This lack of verification, however, led to many false or biased results being published. In order to combat this, the Royal Society of London saw the need to create a system in which the accuracy of published work would be verified before being released to the public. This is how the modern form of peer review was developed.

The peer review process is now used all over the world in both academic and professional contexts. It is widely accepted as an important part of the scientific process as it ensures that only reliable and accurate research results are published. The Royal Society of London recognized the importance of this verification process and took the initiative to create the modern form of peer review. This form of review has since become a standard part of scientific discourse.